An Organizational Study of The United States Air Force :: Business Organization Research

The United States atmospheric state ram fountd a leadership vacuum with the resignation of Air Force secretary pack Roche and his Undersecretary Peter Teets. The Pentagon decided to take over of the buying decisions for the Air Force since they believed that there was no one who was in the position to take on the responsibility. The incision of Defense is now taking in charge to support and to assist the Air Force Command by overseeing and providing advice on important Air Force programs during a time of transition. It was clarified however that within the next six months, a new Air Force Secretary will be appointed. At present though, the Air Force is under the temporary command of Lt. Col. Michael Rodriguez (http//money.cnn.com/2005/03/28/news/fortune500/pentagon/). All organizations whether it be in the business industry, socio-civic, private or government-regulated face the challenge of running the whole system according to the principles as well as the goals and objectives of the system. The organization normally is confronted with how it will operate accordingly to meet the expectations and limit up with the responsibilities and duties of the members as well as the departments that make up the whole system. The changes in the surroundings of the workplace in the internal as well as in the outer environment and affairs make influence the overall operations of the structure. The military is not an exemption in this regard even for the concomitant that the defensive measure team of a country undergo regulations that are very systemic and defined. There are internal as well as external affairs, issues and problems that should be attended to in order for the whole organization to function fully and provide the necessary outputs being demanded. That is why it is interesting to look at a certain military arm experience a challenge of change in the system to be able to fit in the perpetually changing global and wide social cont ext on which it operates. Air Force Organizational Structure Just like other organizations, the United States Air Force is composed of complicated and systematic divisions. The people in this particular service are classified not just according to ranks. Since the recruits in this defense arm came from different state with varying cultural orientation, it is but expected that the people in this service are also diverse.

Quines Physicalist Epistemology :: Philosophy Theories Papers

Quines Physicalist EpistemologyQuine, in his article In Praise of the Observational strong belief, claims to establish naturalized epistemology and the work of science as a realist mapping of the world. Invoking Rortys criticisms of foundationalism from Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature, this paper analyzes Quines reflectional sentence by discussing the unresolved issue of justification. It discusses whether a causal explanation can be a justified true belief and adequate grounding of knowledge. I suggest that the criticisms of Quine bypass similarities between Rortys spot and Quines. Such polemic positions - characteristic of the postmodernist/modern debate - imply a false dichotomy. These criticisms of justification and grounding ar best understood as a means to argue for discriminating viewpoints of human understanding. I conclude that Wittgensteins idea of human life form, or world-picture, provides further context for insisting upon interdisciplinary dialogue in lieu of a n fabricated hierarchy of specialized sciences. In his Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature, Richard Rorty argues that Quines doctrines of indeterminacy of translation and ontological relativity call for the end of epistemology. Nonetheless, Rorty criticizes Quines physicalist stance. According to Rorty, Quines claim that observation sentences are a foundation for empiricism contains a contradictory ontological bias. In a more recent article In Praise of the Observation Sentence (1993), Quine allegedly clarifies his physicalist epistemology addressing criticisms analogous to Rortys. Quine states that naturalized epistemology is not a theory about an internal domain of qualia it is an intermediate position between what Quine calls old phenomenalism and anti-epistemology. (1) He argues that observation sentences entail observations of the world itself that are not entirely subjective. Consequently, in comparison to old, that is, analytical phenomenalism, Quine claims that his use of l anguage and logic is a more realistic sage reconstruction of knowledge. (2) In this paper, I examine Rortys challenge that Quines physicalist claims are contradictory and Quines recent defense. I conclude that Quines position is not inconsistent although his intermediate position within epistemology remains controversial.Overview of Quines Intermediate Position on ObservationFor Quine, classical epistemology has its most recent roots in British Empiricism. Consequently, according to Quine, epistemologys primary perplexity has been to clarify how we derive natural knowledge from sense data. The link between observation and the natural world is allegedly a resource for privileged entranceway to such natural knowledge. Quine in parallel to classical epistemology asserts that perceptual similarity is the basis of all learning, all habit formation, and it is testable in people and other animals by the reinforcement and extinction of conditional response.

Sir Gawain And The Green Knight: Stanza 74 Essay -- essays research pa

In stanza 74, fit III, the lady of the castle offers a magical, green girdle to Sir Gawain and explains to him that the wearer of this corset "cannot be killed by some(prenominal) cunning on earth." Sir Gawain, amidst an ethical dilemma, accepts the gift and chooses to conceal it from Lord Bertilak. This passage contains three of the main themes of the story the inner and outer conflicts between Sir Gawains morals and desire to live, and the test of religion.When Sir Gawain is offered the girdle, his knightly principles are questioned. The honorable thing would be to reject the offer or bring it to the lord of the castle, but Gawain places the preservation of his feel ahead of chivalry. The knight has withstood the ladys constant barrage of sexual advances, and kept his promise to the lord of the castle, but when the chance to save his life is presented, he snatches it up without a second thought. This point is shown by the way the spring puts "Outright" on a li ne of its own, emphasizing Gawains energetic decision. He is then ecstatic about the thought that he will survive his meeting with the knight the next day, shown by "often thanks gave he/ With all his heart and might." Later, Sir Gawain finds three faults in his actions, the first being his cowardice in direct contrast to the main principles of knighthood, the second being his covetousness, his lust for life, and the triplet being his lack of faith in beau ideal. Even when it is shown that God has forgiven him by healing the wound on his neck, Sir Gawain still feels that he has sinned, and is not as involuntary to forgive himself. He decides that more than atonement is in order, so he makes the decision to wear the girdle from then on, as a sign of his never-ending sin, but even then he does not feel that he has been cleansed of his sin. He understands that he will be forced to bear the shame and drop of the sin for the rest of his life.The observers opinions of whet her Sir Gawain is forgiven are the complete opposite of Sir Gawains. In the passage, it is mentioned that the lady kissed the constant knight. The question arises as to the authors meaning of constant. It is obvious that it does not mean that Gawain is constant in his moral decisions, as he just made an unethical decision. It also wouldnt mean that he is determined or steadfast, for he just caved in to h... ...ly a minor sin though when the truth about the Green Knight is revealed, Sir Gawain is repentant, and his penance is served through the knick of Bertilaks axe. though technically Gawain fails the test when he gives into the ladys temptations, he does well enough to pass in Gods eyes. As mentioned before, Sir Gawain is forgiven by God, as shown by the healing of the axe wound.The combination of these three themes creates a complex moral dilemma for the antagonist, Sir Gawain. This perplexity asks the question of life versus religion is it acceptable to depart from God to save ones own life? In the poem, obviously, it would have been wiser for Gawain to have denied the gift of the girdle denial of the offering would have been the more ethical, socially acceptable, and pious choice to make. Sir Gawains acquisition of the present is accepted by others and by God as only a minor fault, and that is the authors point. When confronted with a complicated decision, the person making the judgment will always be either supported or forgiven by his peers and by God that person must appease themselves, however, and make the decision that he or she feels is ethically and morally correct.

Abduction and Hypothesis Withdrawal in Science Essay examples -- Scien

Abduction and Hypothesis Withdrawal in ScienceABSTRACT This paper introduces an epistemological systemal prototype of scientific reasoning which can be depict in terms of abduction, deduction and induction. The aim is to emphasize the significance of abduction in order to illustrate the problem-solving process and to propose a unified epistemological model of scientific discovery. The model first describes the different meanings of the word abduction (creative, selective, to the best explanation, visual) in order to clarify their significance for epistemology and artificial cognizance. In different theoretical changes in theoretical systems we witness different kinds of discovery processes operating. Discovery methods are data-driven, explanation-driven (abductive), and coherence-driven (formed to overwhelm contradictions). Sometimes there is a mixture of such methods for example, an hypothesis devoted to exceed a contradiction is found by abduction. Contradiction, far from damag ing a system, help to indicate regions in which it can be changed and improved. I will too consider a kind of weak hypothesis that is hard to negate and the ways for making it easy. In these cases the subject can rationally decide to deal his or her hypotheses even in contexts where it is impossible to find explicit contradictions and anomalies. Here, the use of negation as sorrow (an interesting technique for negating hypotheses and accessing new ones suggested by artificial intelligence and cognitive scientists) is illuminating I. Abduction and Scientific DiscoveryPhilosophers of science in the twentieth century have traditionally distinguished between the logic of discovery and the logic of justification. Most have conclude... ...s based on set covering model, International Journal on Man-Machine Studies, 19, pp. 443-460.C. Shelley, 1996, Visual abductive reasoning in archaeology, school of thought of Science, 63(2), pp. 278-301.J. C. Shepherdson, 1984, Negation as failure a comparison of Clarks completed data base and Reiters closed world assumption, Journal of Logic Programming, 1(1), 1984, 51-79.________, 1988, Negation in logic programming, in J. Minker (ed.), Foundations of Deductive Databases, Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA, pp. 19-88.P. Thagard, 1988, Computational Philosophy of Science, Cambridge, MA, The MIT Press.________, 1992, Conceptual Revolutions, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press.________ and C. Shelley, 1994, Limitations of current formal models of abductive reasoning, Department of Philosophy, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, forthcoming.

Ella Fitzgerald - The Gold Collection Essay -- Music

Ella Fitzgerald - The Gold Collection The overall illusion of Ella Fitzgeralds The Gold Collection album is a censure of the trials and tribulations of love. The collection consists of many tracks that have passionate lyrical value, that the words instantly relate to those moments in life when you are struggling with devotion for a meaningful other. The album is arranged in a precise manner, where those melancholy and heartrending songs are preceded by upbeat, catchy tunes, that even with the gloomy lyrics, make you want to come down to your childhood, where everything was simple and uncomplicated. Certain songs, like Angel Heart and Sophisticated Love are prime examples of the slow, and remorseful songs where Ellas strong and intense voice just devours your emotions. In these songs, she has extensive use of vibrato in specific areas, where she draws out certain beats of words, and just by closing your eyes and listening, you can immediately genius the sentiment of the word, alo ng with each and every syllable after. Her prominent voice, with solo accompaniment on the ...

Ella Fitzgerald - The Gold Collection Essay -- Music

Ella Fitzgerald - The Gold Collection The overall illusion of Ella Fitzgeralds The Gold Collection album is a contemplation of the trials and tribulations of love. The collection consists of many tracks that have passionate lyrical value, that the words instantly relate to those moments in life when you are struggling with devotion for a square other. The album is arranged in a precise manner, where those melancholy and heartrending songs are preceded by upbeat, catchy tunes, that even with the gloomy lyrics, make you want to pass on to your childhood, where everything was simple and uncomplicated. Certain songs, like Angel Heart and Sophisticated Love are prime examples of the slow, and remorseful songs where Ellas strong and intense voice but devours your emotions. In these songs, she has extensive use of vibrato in specific areas, where she draws out certain beats of words, and just by closing your eyes and listening, you can immediately find the sentiment of the word, along with each and every syllable after. Her prominent voice, with solo accompaniment on the ...

Using Two Contrasting Case Studies, Discuss Management Schemes in Fragile Environments.

Using two contrasting typesetters case studies, discuss wariness schemes in tenuous environments. A fragile environment is when there the balance in the midst of climate, soils, vegetation, animal life and large number could easily be upset and the ecosystem destroyed. In articulate to keep on a fragile environment dynamic sustainability needs to be established. An example of a fragile environment is the Serengeti issue put and Jau bailiwick Park. The Serengeti National Park is situated in the Tropical Grassland biome. This means that it has temperatures be high end-to-end the year averaging at around 28OC.There are wet and dry terms due to the front line of the ITCZ (Inter Tropical Conversion Zone). In the Serengeti there are long periods of drought during the dry season and during the wet season convectional rainfall results in heavy downpours. In the Serengeti perplexity schemes are essential in order to maintain the ecosystem. One way that the ecosystem is maintain ed is through supervise and controlling the number of elephants and sunburns within the ecosystem. In the past fires and elephants have shaped the ecosystem.They both affect the vegetation within the Serengeti as they can destroy it. Elephants ingest the tress and fires burn them into ash. The elephants and fires need to be controlled because if there are too many elephants or fires hence the number of trees in the Serengeti will decrease plainly if there is not liberal of them then again the ecosystem will change as they control the establishment of trees. Fire is monitored and controlled through the Park Ecology part who ensure that there is enough fire but that they do not get out of hand.The Serengeti is also managed by having a top-down approach to management where the set authorities co-operate with the Masai (indigenous people in the Serengeti). There is a naughty management strategy, which means that the Masai who live around the edge of the park are open to many controlled and licensed hunting of game so they do not hunt to much and endanger the animals there. This means that the hunting that the Masai do controls the herds, keeping them in balance with the grassland resources.Hunting can stop the determination to overgraze the area that can arise if the number of animals grows too high. The Serengeti also uses a strategy when it comes to the use of land. In order to maintain a balance between crop production for the animals and the local people the authorities have zoned the areas so that there is enough grazing land, and enough space in areas around the park for growing crops. The Jau National Park differs from the Serengeti as it has a double maxima of rainfall.The National Park has very low yearbook temperature range with the temperature being between 26OC and 27OC throughout the year. The ecosystem contains three main vegetation types dense tropical forest, seasonally flooded forest and dry shrub woodland. The Jau National Park also has management schemes in place in order to conserve the ecosystem. Jau National Park is one of the few conservation units in the Brazilian Amazon with a management jut that is both compete and being implemented.To integrate local residents with conservation initiatives within the Park there are fortnightly meetings with residents to disseminate planning decisions, provide discipline for environmental education professionals and research on the economic valuation of natural resources. The management plan has three phases I testimonial, minimizing of impacts and integration with neighbors II research into and protection of biodiversity III specific activities. Jau National Park has a zoning plan in place with four management zones 1.Primitive where there is minimum intervention and maximum protection. Nothing is done to the area and it is left to have its natural vegetation and animal species. 2. Extensive use some human activity. This is where small tribes of indigenous peopl e are allowed to live their chosen lifestyle in the area. 3. Intensive use already altered by humans. This is where husbandry is allowed. 4. Special use the park service core this is where hotels and buildings are with toilets etc.Using Two Contrasting Case Studies, Discuss Management Schemes in Fragile Environments.Using two contrasting case studies, discuss management schemes in fragile environments. A fragile environment is when there the balance between climate, soils, vegetation, animal life and people could easily be upset and the ecosystem destroyed. In order to maintain a fragile environment dynamic sustainability needs to be established. An example of a fragile environment is the Serengeti National Park and Jau National Park. The Serengeti National Park is situated in the Tropical Grassland biome. This means that it has temperatures are high throughout the year averaging at around 28OC.There are wet and dry seasons due to the movement of the ITCZ (Inter Tropical Convers ion Zone). In the Serengeti there are long periods of drought during the dry season and during the wet season convectional rainfall results in heavy downpours. In the Serengeti management schemes are essential in order to maintain the ecosystem. One way that the ecosystem is maintained is through monitoring and controlling the number of elephants and fires within the ecosystem. In the past fires and elephants have shaped the ecosystem.They both affect the vegetation within the Serengeti as they can destroy it. Elephants eat the tress and fires burn them into ash. The elephants and fires need to be controlled because if there are too many elephants or fires then the number of trees in the Serengeti will decrease but if there is not enough of them then again the ecosystem will change as they control the establishment of trees. Fire is monitored and controlled through the Park Ecology Department who ensure that there is enough fire but that they do not get out of hand.The Serengeti is also managed by having a top-down approach to management where the park authorities co-operate with the Masai (indigenous people in the Serengeti). There is a game management strategy, which means that the Masai who live around the edge of the park are able to some controlled and licensed hunting of game so they do not hunt to much and endanger the animals there. This means that the hunting that the Masai do controls the herds, keeping them in balance with the grassland resources.Hunting can stop the tendency to overgraze the area that can arise if the number of animals grows too high. The Serengeti also uses a strategy when it comes to the use of land. In order to maintain a balance between crop production for the animals and the local people the authorities have zoned the areas so that there is enough grazing land, and enough space in areas around the park for growing crops. The Jau National Park differs from the Serengeti as it has a double maxima of rainfall.The National Park ha s very low annual temperature range with the temperature being between 26OC and 27OC throughout the year. The ecosystem contains three main vegetation types dense tropical forest, seasonally flooded forest and dry shrub woodland. The Jau National Park also has management schemes in place in order to conserve the ecosystem. Jau National Park is one of the few conservation units in the Brazilian Amazon with a management plan that is both compete and being implemented.To integrate local residents with conservation initiatives within the Park there are periodic meetings with residents to disseminate planning decisions, provide training for environmental education professionals and research on the economic valuation of natural resources. The management plan has three phases I protection, minimizing of impacts and integration with neighbors II research into and protection of biodiversity III specific activities. Jau National Park has a zoning plan in place with four management zones 1.Pri mitive where there is minimum intervention and maximum protection. Nothing is done to the area and it is left to have its natural vegetation and animal species. 2. Extensive use some human activity. This is where small tribes of indigenous people are allowed to live their chosen lifestyle in the area. 3. Intensive use already altered by humans. This is where farming is allowed. 4. Special use the park services core this is where hotels and buildings are with toilets etc.

Marketing Assignment

We want from our target commercialize to make a habit of eating their meals in our restaurants. If we be able to reach them, this ordain patron us to begin at the end of the first year. In addition to this, we have another objective which is to decrease the bet of slew who argon not aware and plurality who are resisting to not purchase our goods. In this case, we are planning to encourage them to taste our products and take their opinions about them to adjust our goods according to their call for and wants. Stressing our competitive vantage to our target nodes is our another goal which makes them loyal to our restaurants.Identify the merchandising segment for the product and explain why this segment was selected. Because we are producing healthy immediate foods for polar diet programs, mass marketing does not fit our marketing st rangegy. Therefore we segment the market based on Demographics. For example, if gender is taken into consideration, char and man should take di fferent amount of calories per day in order to carry on their daily activities. Besides, amount of calories are taken by preadolescent people, adults, and elderly people changes as well according to their heights, weights, and activity levels.Therefore when our customers come to our restaurants, they should be able to find a food that best fits their diet in order to be satisfied. Moreover, we also segment the market based on geographic as well. In this case, we are planning to run our business in coupled States because there is a high demand for healthy foods since people want to live healthy and longer. Discuss the target market and why these customers exit be targeted. We segmented market according to peoples ages and genders. We decided to target people whose ages are between 18 and 64 or more and tried to cipher out the market size.According to US and World Population Clocks in the US count Bureau web page, there are 309,092,421 people living in America now. Again, accord ing to the report posted on US Census Bureau, Meyer (2001) stated that people whose age is under 18 is 26 percent, people whose age is between 18 and 64 is 62 percent and people whose age is more than 64 is 12 percent of US population. So if we assume that the percentage of people whose ages are between 18 and 64 or more remain unchanged from 2000 to 2010, the total population of modern people, adults and elderly people is now 228,728,319. 62%+12%=74%, 309,092,421? 74%). Moreover, if we assume that 50 percent of this amount is woman and 50 percent of it man. So we have 114,364,159 men and 114,364,159 women whose ages are between 18 and 64 or more. This is a huge number and it seems that targeting this segment is lucrative. Furthermore, this market size commode grow in the future because in 2000 the total US population was approximately 281 million according to US Census Bureau 2000 report. (Meyer 2001). Today, as I menti mavend supra it is nearly 309 million. Conduct a SWOT (stre ngth, weakness, opportunities and treats analysis for company.One of our strengths is offering healthy foods. Our menu contains foods that they are rich in terms of protein, vitamins, mineral and so forth which swindle an important role in the structure of human body. Secondly, man we are preparing our menu, we consult nutritionists about the ingredients, the types to enhance the variety and cooking techniques. In addition to this, our customers can benefit from the nutritionist servicing on every Mondays, and Fridays between 1-5pm. They can ask their questions and have a chance to take medical support. Moreover, we are victimisation natural and fresh foods while we are cooking and these vegetables and ruits are produced and picked diligently. This is also one of our strengths that help us to meet our customers expectations. Unfortunately, we have also some weaknesses as well. One of the most important weaknesses of our healthy fast food restaurant is our prices. To produce or ganic vegetables and fruits is very costly. Therefore this is theoriseed in prices of those kinds of products. Because organic foods are all-important(a) ingredients of our foods, we also have to reflect the prices of vegetables and fruits to our food prices in order to make profit.In addition to this, because we do not offer any inflamed foods such as fried chicken, fried potato, hamburger etc. our foods whitethorn not fit the peoples tastes. Beside our strengths and weaknesses, we have also some opportunities coming from macro environment. Firstly, people love eating in Unites States and they like to know about different and new foods. In addition to this, United States is the best place to run a fast food restaurant because of being a home country of fast food industry. Secondly, number of obese people is increasing day by day in United States because of overeating fast foods.Since these kinds of meals are unhealthy and they can cause serious health problems, this makes people more conscious while they are making decision about food choices. Therefore they tend to eat more healthy foods. Thirdly, organic food industry is growing in Unites States and people tend to consume organic foods because of being healthful compared to regular vegetables and fruits. Furthermore, number one fast food chains such as McDonalds, Burger King, etc. do not offer rich healthy meals alternative to unhealthy ones. In this case, consumers are in pursuit of healthy food restaurants.Lastly, in United States technology is advanced a lot to prepare fast and healthy foods. This leads fast food restaurants to work more efficient. We also have some threats caused by macro environment as well. For example, people may not have enough purchasing power to buy healthy foods. In this case unhealthy foods seems cheaper to them. Therefore they may tend to select unhealthy fast food restaurants. Besides, organic foods are expensive. As a result, restaurants that are not using organic foods c harge lower prices to their meals compared to restaurants that use those kinds of egetables and fruits. Moreover, eating hamburger, fried potato, fried chicken, cheese burger, etc. can seem more attractive to customers. Therefore customers may prefer places that offer those foods. Describe the market position for your product and service When we are positioning our product, the quality and the price are taken into consideration and we compared our product with the one that is produced by our competitors. In the fast food market, we have many competitors however our number one and well known competitors are McDonalds, Burger King, Subway, Taco Bell, Wendys and others.In figure one, circles which are depicted closely represent our competitors and the upper circle represents our fast food company. The competitors circles are depicted closely because they are perceived more or less the same by consumers. For example, their menus and prices are more or less the same. They are using nearl y same strategies. For instance, both Burger King and McDonalds have the buck menus. Although our competitors offer some kinds of healthy foods such as salads, grilled chicken, etc. they are still selling unhealthy foods.On the other hand, our companys number one strength is always serving healthy foods to our customers. Besides, we are offering free dietician service for our customers. Our customers can ask their questions and get a customized service. In light of these facts, our product quality is high relative to our competitors. price Xs Healthy Fast Food Restaurant Low qualityHigh quality Our competitors conception 1 Perceptual Map In addition to our product quality, our products prices are also higher than the average prices as well. Because organic foods prices are high, we have to reflect this to our prices.According to figure 1 it can be seen that our competitors dominate us in terms of prices. However, we also dominate them in terms of product quality as well. Recommend ations Service is an in distinct product and Xs Healthy Fast Food Restaurants are producing both tangible product (i. e. food) and intangible product (i. e. dietician service). In service industry customer satisfaction is very important. If a company satisfies their customers needs and wants, they become loyal.Therefore management should know whether their customers are happy with the service provided or not. This is the case that Xs Healthy Fast Food Restaurant can be face with. Therefore we should do some surveys to measure the satisfaction level of our customers about the service quality. There are many tools to do this. For example, Winner (2004) stated that One of the most normal approaches to measuring service quality is the SERVQUAL instrument (p. 418). In this type of questionnaire there are several questions that measure the quality of service.If we put servqual surveys on customers table and petition to fill them after they finish their meal we can measure the satisfacti on level of our customers by looking the results and this helps us to improve our service quality. Because service is an intangible product, customers may not know what they are buying until they buy. One author said that the service providers task is to make the service tangible in one or more ways (Kotler 1999 p. 648). In this case, we should find some ways to make our product tangible.For example, if we give importance to keep our restaurants clean, our customers may think that we prepare our foods diligently. Providing a qualified and quick service can be another way to make our product tangible. If consumers see how we deliver our service quickly, they always prefer us.References Kotler, P. (1999). Principles of marketing. New Jersey Prentice Hall Winner, S. R. (2004). Marketing management New Jersey Pearson Prentice Hall Meyer, J. (2001). Age2000. US Census Bureau. Retrieved April 8, 2010 from http//www. census. gov/prod/2001pubs/c2kbr01-12. pdfMarketing AssignmentInternationa l market part (International market segmentation) is the concept of market segmentation in the use of international marketing. Its concept is by comparing the domestic and international market for more buyers, a wider distribution. With businesses having limited power, it is usually very complex to meet the needs of worldwide customers. A market segment is defined as a group of customers who share a similar set of needs and wants. In this case its HSBC trying to target capability customers. The first key consideration is the benefits of segmentation. This segmentation uses customers as a point of reference.The firm can then focus on their marketing resources and it gives them competitive advantage by being able to serve more according to customer segments. There are four level of segmentation, first one is preference segments. roughly consumers have a very different taste for the things that they want. Consumers are free to prefer HSBC or other coasts available in the market. A group of people gathered their preference will show the natural segments. Second level of segmentation is niche. It is defined as a more narrowly defined customer group seeking a distinctive mix of benefits.HSBC in this case targets consumer niches with distinctive products and services. It is proved by having a pet insurance product, growing at a 125% per year. Third level is topical anaesthetic,which involves local customer groups in trading areas, neighborhoods and even industrial stores . HSBC is actually focusing at serving local markets. They maintain to have local presence in the area with the tagline which is worlds local bank. Last level is individual, customer with HSBC bank card, etc will get a ride in the BankCab. The next step is to segment the consumer markets.The fundamentals to consider are geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioural. Geographic segmentation means dividing market into different geographical units such as nations, states, regions, cities o r neighbors. HSBC demonstrated its local knowledge with marketing efforts dedicated to specific locations. In 2005, it set out to prove to weary New Yorkers that the London-based financial behemoth was a bank with local-knowledge. Demographic segmentation means dividing by age and life cycle, life stage, gender, income, generation and different social class.HSBC offered a smart card and no frills credit cards to the underserved student segment and targeted high-value customers with special Premium Centers bank branches. Psychographic segmentation is segmentation depending on the person itself on primary motivation such an ideals and achievements. Last element is behavioral segmentation. This is segmenting based on decision roles such as intiator, influencer, decider, buyer and user. As for behavioural it consists of occasions, benefits, user status, user rate, buyer-readiness, loyalty status and attitude. The second key to be considered is target marketing.It develops measures of market attractiveness and select target segments. For example, selecting the most profitable segments to focus on. HSBC target student segment by offering smart card and high-value customers with special Premium Centers bank branches. Steps in segmentation process include need-based segmentation, segment identification, segment attractiveness, segment profitability, segment positioning, segment acid test and market mix strategy. To be useful, market segments must rate favorably on five key criteria which are measurable, substantial, accessible, differentiable and actionable. The third key to be considered is the market positioning. Positioning is done by targeting segments and develops a marketing mix for each segment. For example creating an image or position for the brand with competitors brands. For example HSBC wants to be known as the worlds local bank. This tagline reflects HSBCs positioning as a globe-spanning financial institution specialised on serving local markets. Strat egy for positioning includes, Identifying a set of contingent competitive advantages on which to build a position, choosing the right competitive advantages and selecting an overall positioning strategy

Teacher Interview Report

Actually, this is my second time to do teacher interview. Last time, I went to Shi Pai Junior High School to interview a teacher and asked something about the severalize management. From the interview, Ive learned a lot from the teacher and her belief of teaching Chinese. Though to certain degree, this time the base is quite similar to the last report that Ive done.However, this time, by the demand of teacher Alice and the class objective, my target interviewee must be an English teacher. At first, I was very nervous about how to take place an English teacher in junior or senior high school because Ive got in touch with all my English teachers for several years. it whitethorn be very embarrassing to go back and the teacher doesnt recognize that I used to be her student) Fortunately, one of my best friends in my darkness school class, knowing my worriment, introduced me an English teacher in Shilin High School of Commerce whom she loves and admires very much. Here, I want to say t hanks to my dear friend. Without her, I really cannot finish writing this assignment. Below, there are some basic info of the teacher and the questions that Ive prepared for the teacher interview,

Education Essays – Egypt Education System

Egypt Education SystemThe extension of the relinquish compulsory counsel jurisprudence in 1981 was one of the grounds to unite the Preparatory Stage, some(prenominal) primeval and Preparatory stages ( Ages 6 through 14 ) together under the label Basic Education, as guidance beyond this phase depends on the pupil s ability. Egypt operates cardinal corresponding commission systems the secular system and the spiritual, or Al-Azhar system.The secular system consists of basic dictation which covers the first 8 eight centenarian ages of schooling. The second degree divides pupils between three-year general academic secondary schools and three or five-year vocational schools, as at that place are three different types of secondary mastery which are general, skilled, and vocational Technical instruction. These types of instruction are provided in three-year and five-year plans, and include schools in three different Fieldss industrial, commercial and agricultural. The 3rd degre e is universities.The Al-Azhar system, which maintains separate installations for male person and female from unproblematic to university degree, enrolls 4 per centum of the countrys entire pupils, and is responsible for conveying the mission of Islam and uncovering its part to humanitys humanity supporter and advancement. In this system, primary school extends over the first 6 gray-haired ages, and preparative school for the following three old ages. Students who successfully complete 4 old ages of secondary school can inscribe at Al-Azhar University.2 Al-Azhar University, which is considered to be the bastion of Islamic cognition in Egypt, was founded in AD 970.There are two sorts of authorities schools in Egypt which are Arabic Schools and Experimental Language Schools. Arabic Schools provide the governmental national course of news report in the Arabic Language nevertheless, experimental Language Schools teach most of the authorities course of study in English, and add Ga llic as a 2nd contrasted linguistic discourse.Furthermore, there are three sorts of close schools. As Government schools, confidential schools besides has different types such as ordinary schools, linguistic communication schools, and spiritual schools. First, Ordinary schools extradite the same manner of instruction of the authorities schools with more concentration on the pupils want and services provided to them. Second, linguistic communication schools have the same educational stuffs as the authorities with the exclusion that all those stuffs are taught in different linguistic communications this is beside the high fees those schools requires.The 3rd type of private instruction is spiritual that are established or controlled by Muslim Brotherhood. Their educational course of study is wholly unlike the authorities and Azhar schools. Private schools on Egypt are considered the best instruction because of high and assorted installations offered by those schools. This educati onal system is supervises by the ministry of instructionHowever, the Azhar instruction system is supervised by the imperious Council of the Al-Azhar Institution and considered to be independent from the Ministry of Education, but is finally under supervising by the Egyptian Prime Minister. The Azhar schools are named Institutes and besides portion the same phases as the normal educational system which both include primary, preparatory, and secondary instruction.The Azhar schools in all stages teach non-religious topics, to a certain grade nevertheless, the bulk of the course of study consists of spiritual topics. All the pupils are Muslims, and males and females are separated in all stages. The Azhar schools are spread all over the state, but overly in homespun countries. The alumnuss of the Azhar secondary schools are eligible to go on their surveies merely at the Al-Azhar University. In the early 2000s, the Azhar schools accounted for less than 4 % of the entire registration. There are both private and public universities of high(prenominal) instruction in Egypt. The difference between them is that Public high instruction is forgive in Egypt, and Egyptian pupils merely buy off enrollment fees, but Private instruction is much more expensive and is considered to b for the elite, as alumnuss of such schools by and large do really replete(p) on their concluding secondary school scrutinies, which ensures them entree to what are considered as elect modules.Presently 98 per centum of alumnuss from secondary schools enter higher instruction. The higher instruction sector in Egypt is comprised of universities and establishments of skillful and professional preparation. The system is made up of 12 public universities, 51public non-university establishments, and 4 private ( for net income ) universities.In May 2000, there were 18 pending applications to open extra private for net income higher instruction establishments. Of the 51 non-university establishment s, 47 are biennial in-between proficient institutes ( MTI ) , and 4 are four or five-year higher proficient institutes ( World coast, 20001 ) .The major public universities are capital of Egypt University ( 100,000 pupils ) , Alexandria University, Ain Shams University, and the 1,000-year-old Al-Azhar University. sequence the American University in Cairo, the German University in Cairo and the Universite Francaise dEgypte is of the taking private universities in Egypt.Entry into the secular university system is based on the consequences of the Secondary Educational stage. Harmonizing to the article Egypt, unaccompanied pupils go toing general academic secondary schools were eligible to matriculate nevertheless since 1970 universities have been inscribing some pupils from vocational schools. The Placement Bureau of the Ministry of Higher Education controls admittance, and there is alegion clausesimposed by the Supreme Council of Universities ( SCU ) on admittance at institutiona l and province levels .Al-Azhar University system, unlike other systems, requires certain certifications like a Secondary School security measures from the Al-Azhar instruction system and a Certificate of Koran Recitation from a Koran Recitation Institute or keep an Al-Azhar sheepskin.Non-university instruction is offered by industrial, commercial, and proficient institutes which provide 2-year classs taking to diplomas in accounting, secretarial work, insurance, computing machine or wellness scientific disciplines and electronics. Technical instruction schools provide 5-year classs taking to progress proficient instruction sheepskin in commercial, industrial, and agricultural Fieldss.Although the American University in Cairo ( AUC ) has existed since 1919 as a private university, Egypt merely legalized Egyptian private universities in 1992 when the muckles Assembly passed a Law 101 leting the constitution of private universities. The most indispensable consideration is that the Minister for Education must O.K. the assignment of private university, as presidents, and non-Egyptians can non busy taking places in private universities without the ministrys blessing.The 2nd critical facet is that the Supreme Council of Universities indirectly supervises private universities and is responsible for observe criterions to guarantee that graduation certifications from province and private universities re fork over an equal instruction degree compared with the governmental certifications. In May 2002, the private universities commission was replaced with theprivateuniversities council.The council has the same powers as the Supreme Council of Universities, which regulates public universities.Many Peoples assume that private higher instruction establishments in Egypt are s establishments that sellgrades to those who can afford the university expanses. Critics of private higher instruction in Egypt besides argue that private higher instruction is at odds with the rules of the1952 Revolution, which called for equal entree to educational chances for all citizens.Egypt is considered the state that has the largest higher instruction systems in the 3rd universe as it contains about 1.670 million pupils. Egypt relies in its instruction on biennial proficient institutes to go on render entree to all secondary school alumnuss while protecting the already overfed universities. Technical institutes enroll 40 per centum of all secondary school alumnuss.This neediness of fiscal, human, and material resources consequences in hapless quality instruction in most universities and is considered by many people as non academic establishment. The figure of higher instruction pupils per 100,000 dwellers is 1,900 in Egypt compared to 1,132 in Morocco 1,236 in Algeria and 1,253 in Tunisia. Surveies on the societal category and educational backgrounds of province university pupils have revealed inequalities of entree to what are considered as high experimental condit ion/elite modules.To better the educational system in Egypt administration and control of higher instruction should be obtained by the Ministry of Higher Education, the Supreme Council of Universities ( SCU ) , and the Central nerve of Al-Azhar Institutes.The Ministry of Higher Education has a legal authorization over higher instruction by oversing and commanding the instruction, planning, policy devising, and quality control on primary and preparative schools and developing for basic instruction for instructors.The Supreme Council of Universities formulates is the 1 responsible for policy devising and decision making or commanding the figure of pupils to be admitted to each module in each university.Furthermore, supervising and disposal of the Al-Azhar higher instruction system is the duty of theCardinal Administration of Al-Azhar Institutes, which is a section of the Supreme Council of Al-Azhar that is responsible for the development of the general policy and planning to enable t he spread of Islamic civilization and Arabic linguistic communication.In official discourse, instruction in Egypt is free from basic to higher instruction. While officially the province is responsible for funding higher instruction in Egypt, the states portion of higher instruction finance for universities was reduced to 85 per centum in 1994-1995, go forthing the universities to bring forth the staying 15 per centum through assorted gross variegation schemes.Sanyal ( 199816 ) , and the World Bank ( 200040-41 ) place the undermentioned gross variegation schemes adopted by Egyptian universities( a ) Charging nominal tutorship fees for alternate academic plans that are perceived to be of high quality and presenting other relevant fees. For illustration, province universities have introduced foreign linguistic communication plans for which they charge tuition. Some public universities charge ?E1,000 as tuition for a degree plan in Commerce which uses English as a medium of direction. The figure of appliers in some degree plans in public universities exceeds available infinites, a phenomenon which gives room for universities to bear down tuition. While the tuition charged in this instance is still merely about 33 per centum of the lively cost of the plan, this agreement sets a case in point towards cost recovery in public establishments ( World Bank, 200240 ) .Besides, in recent old ages, a new system of admittance to the modules of Law, Commerce, and Humanistic disciplines allows a less qualified pupil to obtain a topographic point on salaried an admittance fee of ?E 360 ( Sanyal, op cit ) . The impact of this pattern on the quality has been negative as manifested by a high figure of reiterating pupils in universities.Egyptian pupils pay between ?E30-?E150 per twelvemonth as a nominal tuition fee in authorities funded universities. In add-on, they besides pay necessary equipment, books, transit, and inhabitation fees. The pattern of bear downing nominal tuiti on fees in Egyptian public universities goes as far back as 1924 when the Egyptian University ( now Cairo University ) started bear downing ?E30 per twelvemonth for all modules with the exclusion of the pharmacological medicine section that charged ?E20 per twelvemonth. This university besides imposed a non-refundable scrutiny fee of ?E1.16 knowledge fee in private universities range fromE15,000-25,000. The American University in Cairo-the oldest private university in Egypt, charges a tuition fee of US $ 2,813 for 6 credits and US $ 469 for each extra reference.( B ) Income coevals by specialised university centres from( 1 ) Cooperation with industry ( 2 ) Patent rights ( 3 ) Provision of go oning instruction to industrial employees ( 4 ) Entree to research lab and scientific equipment ( 5 ) Manufacturing intermediate industrial merchandises In add-on, In 1998, theInternational Finance Corporation ( IFC) conducted an extended feasibleness go over onthe market for pupil contribut es in post-secondary instruction in Egypt.This survey recommendedagainstestablishing a pupil loan plan due to the undermentioned grounds ( a ) particular(a) market size ( B ) underdeveloped debt/credit market ( degree Celsius ) cultural attitude uncomfortable with personal debt and loans and ( vitamin D ) deficiency of a consumer recognition bureau( World Bank, 2000 op cit 41 ) .As a consequence of the above recommendations, the Egyptian Government by 2000 was be aftering to set upa ?E100 million-loan planfor destitute university pupils. Under this proposed loan strategy, pupils who canprovethat they are in require of fiscal aid for education-related disbursals will be eligible to have up to?E1000 pertwelvemonthin authorities loans. The loans are to be involvement free and refund will be spread out over a period of 40 old ages after graduation.Problems and challenges in Egyptian higher instruction system are analyzed in the World BanksHigher Education Enhancement Project,which is a portion of a comprehensive reform scheme for higher instruction in Egypt. The higher instruction reform docket was influenced by the National Conference on Higher Education, held in February 2000, and aims to turn to Egypts demand to upgrade educational quality in the university sector.Egyptian higher instruction sector faces a figure of challenges including ( I ) antiquated system-wide administration and direction ( two ) low quality and relevancy at the university degree ( three ) low quality and relevancy at the in-between proficient degree and ( four ) bound financial sustainability of publically financed registrations ( World Bank, 20001 ) .The job of financially weak registrations is related to the dramatic addition in registrations in university instruction.For illustration, registrations increased by 42 per centum between 1997/98 and 1998/99 taking to an 8 per centum diminution in per -student disbursement that exacerbated disparities in resource allotment between m odules ( World Bank,200241 ) .While the overall outgo on instruction as a proportion of GDP has grown from 3.9 per centum in 1991 to 5.9 per centum in 1998 with higher instruction having a 28 per centum portion of entire outgo in 1998, the dramatic growing of the higher instruction pupil population in Egypt creats a serious job in funding higher instruction. Given the high population growing in higher instruction, to merely keep the portion of 18-22 age group at its present 20 per centum degree ( this is an official policy ) would necessitate on norm an extra 60,000 new registrations in higher instruction for the following 10 old ages ( WorldBank, 20002 ) . The authorities has no fiscal ability to make this.

Critical Evaluation: Frankenstein Essay

Frankenstein Mary Shelley creates strong meaning finished with(predicate) her interpretation a monster by the main concept. Bringing something back from the dead is what created the mystery story and curiosity for this lost soul. The idea of this impossibility is what has made it recognised today. Mary Shelley had conceived the idea for Frankenstein in a time of wonder. She uses imagery and strategic repetition of find descriptive words to create an cash dispenser of horror and gloom in the commencement ceremony part of the chapter, when the monster comes to life.Shelley invites readers to believe Victors story through an objective person. Shelley also uses an important literary device known as the epistolary form where letters tell the story using letters mingled with Walton and his sister to frame both Victors and the creatures narrative. She uses imagery and strategic repetition of key descriptive words to create an atmosphere of horror and gloom in the first part of the chapter, when the monster comes to life.She uses variations of words such as dreary, horrid, disgust, miserable, and wretched liberally, and paints smart images of ugliness and decay. Frankenstein was deeply described as a monster that should not deserve the advantage of having a female companion through his life. The experiences which led Frankenstein encounter the way the world perceives those who are divers(prenominal) were unfortunately not the way they thought they would be. Within the book Frankenstein has a section where he speaks in first person narrative so that he can present his won perspective of the situation. Harmony was the soul of our companionship, is an example of personification to the concept. Shelley uses the issues of being different to enamour the way the audience feels towards the monster and his brutal murders. Meaning is exposed to the way Frankenstein really feels. His vulnerability is shown when he reveals that it tortured my heart when he killed the se innocent people. An judgment can also be gathered and influenced by the personalities and wishes of both Frankenstein and Victor. At first Victors mistake was to create this being of horror.It portrayed Frankenstein as the monster when actually Victor is refusing him of the only thing he wants and needs to live through this life which was not his choice to live. Mary Shelley guides you through the life of the creator and the creators created. Shelley gives the audience the change to make up their own mind of who caused the wrong doings by giving using different language techniques to give you an explanation on both sides. Why is it Valued? Mary Shelleys Frankenstein is so very valued because of the imagination which is depicted through the concept of life after death.Frankenstein is recognised worldwide because of his kind heart in such a sad life. Even though he is seen as positively repulsive Frankenstein still finds joy in seeing others act like a family and learning from the ir experiences in life. Frankenstein is cherished because of its shocking concept. Frankenstein was brought into the world without a seconds thought to what the consequences would be. It has captured audiences in our generation and generations to come for its passionate personalities and imaginary themes.

Diplomatic History Essay

Operation Rolling Thunder refers to an intense onslaught carried out by the United States against the North Vietnamese in the completion among 1965-1968. The rationale behind this attack was not clear, as even its chief architects believe it was not clear-cut. No one had put into consideration the semi semipolitical costs and loss of lives. Presi pricking Johnson hoped that with this onslaught, he would boost the dying morale of the southern Vietnamese by impressing upon them the Americans might.This however achieved the opposite by diminishing his political standing at home and did not help to bring the North Vietnamese to the negotiating table as was hoped. The Six-Day War is a war that pitted Israel on one side against Jordan, Egypt and Syria. These countries had vowed not to recognize the legitimacy of Israel and wanted it destroyed, however Israel victory dealt these countries a huge blow and they retreated after it became apparent that Israel would separate out their capita l. This war brought a near clash between two super powers then, the United States and the Soviet Union, with the U.S behind Israel and USSR behind the Arab kingdoms. This war had put the U. S in a tight spot as it did not want to sour its relations with the Arabs or its diplomatic ties with Israel. This is seen as the reason why the U. S exercised hold off and only aided Israel with weapons but no direct intervention. The Iran Contra Scandal occurred in 1987 and refers to a deal entered into by president Reagans administration and Iran. The United States was to run Iran with weapons so that it would facilitate and press for the release of American hostages held by the Hezbollah. This shit tarnished the U.S stand abroad of not negotiating with terrorists and overly direct to the plummeting of Reagans popularity. It would also see the conviction of some high-ranking officials. Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev of Russia was the last president of the United Soviet Socialist Republic before it collapsed in 1991. He is hailed for having initiated the move that led to the end of cold war. He introduced reforms in Russia and tightened the relations with President Ronald Regan, ending the cold war and consequently the breaking up the USSR. It is during this tenure that the relations between the USSR and the U.S were improved. Core to his reforms was re-introduction of ties with the west. Kosovo, Yugoslavia, had been rocked by fighting between Albania guerillas and Serb forces. The United States and NATO forces stepped in to help quell the fighting resulting to what came to be known as Operation associate Forces that initiated an onslaught against Serbia till Slobodan Milosevic withdrew from Kosovo. The United States over the years was actively involved in the process meant to restore peace although the congress did not expressly slip by the air strikes nor axis vertebrak them.To date The UN Resolution 1244 has failed to establish the status of Kosovo. The United States has been supporting what is referred to as the Ahtisaari plan that seeks to have Kosovo supervised. Russia is opposing the plan and vows to use the veto power should the situation demand. The Dayton Accords refer to the peace agreements that saw the end of the Bosnia war in 1995. This agreement was the culmination of a series of negotiations that had before been unfruitful. The United States and Russia had been rise pressure for the warring sides to accept negotiations.These negotiations held in Ohio brought together a cross section of leaders from the region. This was done under the tutelage of the U. S secretary of state Warren Christopher together with the representatives of European Union. The Official peace pact was to be signed in France by Clinton, John Major, and Jacques Chirac amongst others. This pact was to see the international society lead the implementation of the treaty backed by the NATO forces. Ngo Dinh Diem was born in 1901. He went to the United States d ue to political turmoil at home.In the US he would meet the then influential leaders where he reiterated his opposition to colonialism and communism in his bid to gain their approval. He succeeded and the United States installed him as the president hoping he would become a U. S puppet. This however did not happen and he was oppressive of the Southern Vietnamese. He rigged the elections that were to follow and imprison opposition leaders and critics. The United States was torn between a rock and a hard place, it risked macrocosm stuck with an unpopular leader who was unable to unite Vietnam and in turn lose the country to the communists.This is what led CIA to sanction a plot to have Diem assassinated by failing to offer the protection they were giving him before. whence he was assassinated in 1963 and his place taken by Nguyen Van Thieu. The relationship between the United States and PLO can only be described as that of perpetual hostility towards each other. To the United State s, PLO represented a major threat to its interests and ally in Middle East. PLO also saw the U. S as a threat and that is why it aligned itself with the USSR and took a strong anti-American stance.In spite of this standoff, the United States initiated a dialogue between the two in 1988. PLO accepted the status of Israel and agreed to denounce terrorism hence triggering the dialogue. All along there had been a long stand-off between the two as PLO had refused to sleep together the existence of Israel while in turn the U. S had not recognized PLO as the voice of the Palestine people. By accepting to negotiate with the PLO, PLO saw this as a form of recognition and it felt that it had won against the U. S hard stance. The U.S stand against PLO and the initiation of the talks has always been a defining minute of arc in Middle East because it gave an international recognition, in line with the UN resolutions, a nation it considered a terrorist movement. The Strategic defensive structu re Initiative (SDI) fronted by President Reagan, aimed at developing a system that would use ground and space systems to defend the United States in case of a nuclear ballistic missiles attack. This system did not succeed as it was intended to, but it is hailed as being the basis under which the current anti-ballistic missiles were made.All these efforts and research was put under the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization that was brought together in 1984 to oversee all matters relating to missile defense. The Taliban are a Sunni Islamic movement that was at the helm of leadership in Afghanistan for a period of five years up to 2001 when they were removed from power by a coalition of forces led by the united states. It has a quite an interesting history as in its early days it was supported by the United States to fight off the communists who wanted to take over Afghanistan. after(prenominal) taking over power in 1998, the Taliban hard stance, Sharia law, suppression and persec utions did not endear it to m any countries including the United States which saw it as harboring terrorists such as the Al Qaeda. It was ousted from power by a coalition of forces and the Northern alliance in what came to be known as war on terror. Part 2 President Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger remain the two of the most important figures in the United States as far as foreign policy is concerned. No head that Nixons administration was riddled with a scandal that would lead to his resignation.Critics agree however that his tenure was not without some important accomplishments. Appropriately President Nixon came into power when the cold war had intensified and the world was at the brink of war with the United States and the Soviet Union rocked into a perpetual duel that was threatening a peaceful co-existence between the West and East. President Nixon was elected on a platform of ending American forces engagement in Vietnam. This, he achieved although his hit the sackal was i nstead slow much to the consternation of many Americans.It had seemed that Nixon rather believed that he could correct the mess he had inherited in Vietnam, snatch victory and withdraw the military personnel honorably. This however did not happen and the events that followed remain his lowest moments in leadership. Nixon and Kissinger were advocating a foreign policy that would see the United States pursue an effort to limit the expanding upon of the Soviet bloc influence, support militarily and economically any governments that would aid their course whether or not such governments were repressive or had poor ratings as far as civil rights are concerned.This would explain why this tenure was characterized by overthrowal from power popularly elected regimes and supplanting them with dictatorial leaderships. Iran and Chile serves as good attestation to this. The key objective of Nixon administration was to keep communism in check at whatever cost even if it meant trampling on the c ivil rights of the citizens and dropping hundreds of bombs. The Vietnam War still remains the biggest to both Kissinger and Nixons profiles.Faced with growing opposition and plummeting opinion ratings, Nixon remained aloof and initiated attacks in Vietnam while hoodwinking the American public by withdrawing the forces bits by bits. To his administration place with honor remained the key strategy. It is Detente that remains the hallmark of his achievements, on top of his ability to limit and finally withdraw American forces from Vietnam. In Detente he promised to ease relations with the former archrivals of America.It was a new type of diplomacy that would see a permanent relaxation of relations between the superpowers, even the nations that were perceived as enemies before. This, he accomplished by improving the relations between the United States and China. Kissinger was Nixons key operative. He was highly secretive to the extent that his meeting with Chinese officials was unknown to the ambassador of the U. S to China, George Bush snr. However he was able to improve the sour relation that existed.This was in the Nixons bid to woo China after it had fallen out with the Soviet bloc and consequently tilt the balance to his advantage. Aided by the Kissinger, Nixon introduced what was referred to as the Nixon Doctrine this is what formed the basis of his foreign policy. The United States, to maintain its influence would provide military support to its allies but not in any way provide troops. In wooing China, Nixon and Kissinger who were realists, had reconciled that China was far much important to be ignored in the international scene being the most populous.This also gave impetus to his re-election bid particularly as the Ping Pong diplomacy had drawn a perception that he identified with the familiar voter. Through the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty of 1972 (SALT), the United States and the Soviet Union agreed to curtail make headway production of high ran ge ballistic missiles as well as their defense systems. This strategic parity, as many scholars refer to it, was to be a substitute to the arms race. The Soviet bloc agreed to this immediately probably fearing the improved relations between China and the United States.To wrap up Nixon achievements in foreign policy was his visit to China, where he became the first president to do so this had privately been arranged by Kissinger. He also went to Moscow where he and Brezhner signed the SALT and trade agreements. The boo diplomacy also said off relatively where Henry Kissinger was able to broker a peace deal with Israel an Arab in the Yom Kippur war. In this war the U. S had been torn between a rock and a hard place. It sought to protect Israel and did not want to scuttle its friendship with the Arab states.Although Nixon had the above achievements, his mistakes or miscalculations further outweighed the accomplishments. Many people in U. S and internationally remember him for his misd eeds more that these achievements. His administration single handedly put the image of the United States as a magician of civil rights and peace into disrepute. To start with was his handling of the Vietnam War. He was unable to come to terms with the fact that the United States could lose the war and was willing to put the lives of American soldiers on the line to drive this point home, but to no avail.Despite cutting his stature in the international limelight as a solon by establishing ties with china, the question of Vietnam is still very troublesome to both Nixon and Kissinger. Nixon had vowed to win peace. Vietnamization or the concerted attack in Laos and Cambodia put a permanent dent on his reputation. He hoped that these would paint an image of a madman and compel Hanoi to reach a favorable agreement. These attacks prompted Americans to take to the streets in protest especially as it became apparent that he had dropped all pretext of diplomacy.Although Kissinger was able t o bring the warring parties into negotiations, the terms were not any different from the ones that north Vietnam had brought to the table in 1969, an indication that all those years of attack and loss of lives had not borne fruits especially to the United States. It is the Watergate scandal however that broke the camels back and forced Nixon out of office. The Watergate scandal remains the greatest evidence of the atrocities committed by the United States where both Kissinger and Nixon undermined democracy in the third world and brought bloodshed.It is these atrocities that led to calls by civil and tender-hearted rights activists to have Kissinger investigated for crimes against humanity. After the scandal, the United States was not credible in its self-proclaimed international role. Oil crises would loom in the U. S as the Middle East dictated embargoes. There was also a political re-alignment with disillusionment characterizing the Republican Party. Kissinger however was left u nscathed and went on to serve as the secretary of state in Ford and Carters administration. Nixons presidency is a tenure that many Americans would wish to put behind.

Emr Innovations

mooring 3 EMR Innovations Table of Contents Executive summary3 Introduction& occupation /issues identification4 EMRs harvest-festival and how is attempting to market place4 External Analysis6 Opportunities6 RV diligence6 RV culture6 Threats7 Competitors7 Analysis and recode menses situation8 Internal analysis8 RVs internal weakness and strength8 EMR Innovations internal weakness and strength9 merchandising Audit10 RVs Current marketing outline10 Main objective10 Main targets10 RVs Problems11 Alternative Strategies12 market and distribution of the lock- awn12Recomm closing curtained Strategy13 Executive summary Reynolds argon a young couple that transferred their interest over RVs ( enjoymental vehicles) into a profitable business. Their important objective was to be the the supplier of innovative RV crops. Eric Reynolds came up with innovative product called Lock-Awn Anti-Billowing Device , he thought that this product would achieve their goal and repaired RV deficiencies. They precious to market their product through their own company EMR Innovations , so that they believed that they lease to pecify various fields with distinguishable point product , customer, capital , competitor and Lock-Awn Anti-Billowing Device marketing strategies . The report analysis involve the main external and internal factors that would influence their marketing strategy ( SWOT analysis ) . Then analysis the up-to-the-minute RVs strategies and how their plans detail with the marketing variables of product, price, place and promotion ( four Ps of marketing) which be employ to attain the marketing plans objectives and overall strategies. There are three variables distribution impart ( direct and in direct ) according to their alternative strategy.Than recommended strategies. Introduction& problem /issues identification EMRs product and how is attempting to market Eric Reynolds and Mary Reynolds are a young couple that transferred their interest over RVs (recreational vehicles) into a profitable business. In 1995, the Reynolds started an RV repair business , and by 1999 they open their own memory board in Amana, Iowa , since the business became large. On 2002, their business had steadily work onn . However, they aspired to be the supplier of innovative RV products . For that reason Eric Reynolds innovate an innovative products that helped or repaired RV deficiencies.They though that this innovative products, which called Lock-Awn Anti-Billowing Device for RV terrace sunshades, may provide great potential for future investments. Lock-Awn Anti-Billowing Device would protect the internal lock sunblind mechanism from tear, and prevent it from billow in the wind, in order to reduce accident and increase the talent rate. Lock-Awn Anti-Billowing Device became so effective idea to the Reynolds that they invested $10,000 of their own money to develop a prototype, and they had assistance and nourishment from an industry research c cypher.Since the y wanted to market this product through a parvenue company EMR Innovations , they need to analysis different filed with different point . The main five point in the case ( fit to Reynolds view point ) are 1. Product Eric and Mary were confident about(predicate) their prototype product , they had a sure winner in the Lock-Awn, however they were unsure about it . 2. Customer They had potential customers who had seen the product as positive product, however they were unsure about other customers satisfaction. 3.Money They had no enough budget and financial analyses to door market. 4. Competitors They afraid of a potential competitor selling same product, which slack the product successful chance. 5. How they would market Lock-Awn Anti-Billowing Device They had no market analyses ( marketing strategy ) to verify their belief. To address this need, Reynolds need to become with winder decisions that cerebrate to picking the main target markets, the position, pricing, promotion, an d distribution impart, and then they need to analyze the financial implications of their decisions.The end result of decision , will be a marketing strategy which will effectively dunk the Lock-Awn product and EMR Innovations. External Analysis This analysis consists of analyzing the external environment of the company (competitors, social, technological, regulations, etc. ). The purpose is to lay the key opportunities and threats in the environment. Opportunities RV industry RV vehicles (RVs) are recreational vehicles combining back breaker and temporary worker living quarter for recreation, camp out and travel. RVs started early 1900s when nature enthusiasts customized their vehicles.The RV industry flourished after the World war II. In 2000, RV industry consisted of cxxxv manufacturers and more than 200 suppliers of parts and services. RVs are divided into 2 categories (motorhomes and towables) and five classes ranging from inexpensive vehicle to normal citizenry up to lu xury one ($ 500,000). In 2002, about 7. 5 million households owned an RV in US and projected to reach 8. 5 million in 2010. This offers great opportunity for EMR innovations to succeed since the RVs exist in considerable number and will grow in the future. RV culture As noticed, RVs are popular and used a lot in US.There is almost one RV in every 12 households according to study conducted by University of scratch in 2001. The study estimated that there are 30 million RV enthusiasts including households and renters. The retired couples represent the greatest department of RV enthusiasts since they are free and want to see the rest of the country. They used RVs for traveling since it offers convenience, comfort and exemption to go anywhere and anytime without plan in advance. Some of them are full-time on the road roaming almost the country and live in RV. Thus, they want their accommodations to be as comfortable as possible.Most of them are volition to spend their money on acces sories like auxiliary fuel tank, power booster and etc. In fact, Richard Dahl, RV owner, manufactured a water filter for RV plumping systems and interchange it for $30. Later, he sold 300 more items and established new business for himself. This shows RV owners are willing to accept new ideas which eventually help EMR innovation to succeed. Threats Competitors People created so many types of sunblind lock to overcome zoom problems. However, most of them are homemade and people reported that they easily damaged.There is one commercial product called Awning Saver. Eric and Merry examined the product and found that it would not be a threat to their product since the awning saver is difficult to operate and looks similar to the homemade one. Therefore, there is no obstacle for the EMR innovation to enter the market. To sum up, the external factors show no threat for EMR innovation to enter the market. Analysis and recode current situation Internal analysis RVs internal weakness and s trength Weakness * Design flaws May decrease RV deficiencies Most RVs suffered from goal Flaws on patio awnings, which consider as one of the basic equipment on virtually all RVs . * The fundamental problem is awning billowing problem in manually operated awnings. Strength * Have flourishing business encourage investment safely * RV consisted of 135 RV manufactures and more than 200 suppliers of component parts and services . * RV had positive economic approximate , although they faced breakdown of RV ownership on 2001. * There was large motivation on their industry and had high rate of enthusiasts customized . In United State , there was a big interest in domestic ground travel * RVers were an adventuresome group baffle deep experience about what people want at traveling . * Their price was suitable for consumer from all standard of living. * Their prices are more affordable prices compared to competitors . EMR Innovations internal weakness and strength Weakness * Inactive sid e of the product * High woos to produce, progress and distribute, their product. * EMR prototype is just an idea and not formulated into any type of industry organization. Most of RVs people solve the patio awning problem by themselves. * Did not have a well marketing plan * No develop marketing or promotion strategies . * Reynolds Lack of friendship to develop, sell , and manufacture a new product , since they did not attend college . * No enough money resources . * Have multitasks ( ex Mary have to care about her 3 children and make bookkeeping for RV repair shop ) . strength * Have an effective prototype products and ideas * Their products are good in appearance and design . * Easy to install . * Convenient in use and store. ease of operation compared with competitors. * Targets all segment. * Had brave and consulting from an industry research center . * Were acquainted with RVs industry . * Had personal experience through their repair business. * Their work was flourished and their business had steadily grown . Marketing Audit RVs Current Marketing Strategy Main objective The main objective of RVs marketing strategy is to a absorb the largest number of people of all ages, by providing their needs ,and satisfy all parties ( company and customer ), in order to achieve the customer values ( benefits and costs ) .As result they try to combined between transportation and temporary living quarters for camping , traveling ,and recreation . Main targets RVs strategies are clearly directed to the main target , who is well defined , by providing different types of vehicles with different design and suitable prices according to the target level . * Main targets are * Nature enthusiasts customized * Who have interest in domestic ground travel * Who tend to keep their vehicles for long time RVs Problems RVs problems Symptoms problem According to 2001 survey data, the RVs face breakdown of RV ownership, illustrated in Exhibit 2. it would be because of the design flaw ) . Current problem Most of RVs owners focussed on awning billowing problem , where the company filed to come out with solution that fix the problem Potential problem May awning billowing problem will affect the economic promise for the RV industry. This problem may be as opportunity to Reynolds or cannister be send packing it, since most of RVs people solve the patio awning problem by themselves. Marketing mix (Four Ps). * Product Vehicles that combined transportation and temporary living quarters for camping , recreation , and travel. It can be used by people of all ages and levels. * Enhance flexibility , convenience and emancipation * Characterized by comfort, amenities and enjoyment during travel . * Place its available across United State ( for who have interest in domestic ground travel) * Promotion * Price Prices vary between types of vehicles, related to the options that product provide . Towables Price Include folding camping trailers $5,000 $10,000 Truck camp ers, affixed to the bed or haoma of the truck $10,500 Conventional travel trailers $13,000 Fifth wheel trailers $25,000 $ 80,000 repulsehomes Price Class C $ 35,000 Most magisterial Class A Over $500,000 Alternative Strategies Marketing and distribution of the lock- awn Three viable distribution channels * Mail order product direct internet traffic to a Lock- Awn Web site. This will cost $ 2000- $3000. * Workampers Group indirect because dealers had option to sell the product. A one-time Ad cost $100 and 25% disregard off the retail price * Distribution method indirect because very difficult to get camping world to sell the Lock- Awn since it required strong sale record Advertisement to support selling effortHere are some ways of advertisement suggested by Mary 1. Advertise in Popular RV magazines Motor Home & Trailer Life. Their circulation was 1. 5 million. A 1/3 page wispy & white 4 times would cost $ 25000. 2. Advertise in RV- related Web sites for minimal or no cost. 3. unwrap Promotional brochures detailing for high quality- 4 illusion the printing cost about $1500 for $10000. 4. Promote and turn up the Lock Awn at RV shows and rallies. Travels cost approximately $ 1800. 5. Ask RV trade publications to evaluate and property the product in their column. 6. Generate discussion about the product in RV chat rooms. . lend oneself the networking systems like RV clubs and forums to spread the information of the product. Recommended Strategy 1- Its recommended to adopt the free advertisement like RV- related Web sites, Ask RV trade publications by light column, RV clubs and RV chat rooms. 2- after(prenominal) one year they can advertise in costly because they have cash flow and can choose Promote and demonstrate the travels cost approximately $ 1800, Promotional brochures detailing for high quality- 4 color the printing cost about $1500 for $10000 and Their circulation was 1. 5 million. A 1/3 page black white 4 times would cost $ 25000.

Cost-Salvage Value/Total units of production Essay

Salta Comp whatever installs a manufacturing machine in its factory at the beginning of the socio-economic class at a cost of $87,000. The machines useful life is estimated to be 5 long time, or 400,000 units of product, with a $7,000 salvage lever. During its second year, the machine produces 84,500 units of product. Determine the machines second year wear and tear infra the units of production method coiffure $16,900Cost-Salvage pass judgment/Total units of production(87,000 7,000)/400,000 = .2.2 * 84,500 = 16,900Amortization event Is the dogmatic allocation of the cost of an intangible asset to set down over its estimated useful life. Big River Rafting pays $310,000 plus $15,000 in closing costs to buy out a competitor. The real estate consists of land appraised at $105,000, a building appraised at $210,000 and equipment appraised at $35,000. Compute the cost that should be allocated to the land. resolving $97,500105,000 + 210,000 + 35,000 = 350,000105,000/350,000 = .3.3 * 325,000 = 97,500Leasehold dissolving agent argon the rights given(p) to the lessee by the lessor of a lease. CopyrightAnswer Gives its owner the exclusive right to publish and sell a musical or literary work during the life of the creator plus 70 years. A unmingledAnswer Gives its owner exclusive right to manufacture and sell a patented item or to use a process for 20 years. Carmel Company acquires a mineral deposit at a cost of $5,900,000. It incurs additional costs of $600,000 to access the deposit, which is estimated to contain 2,000,000 tons and is expected to take 5 years to extract. Compute the depletion expense for the freshman year assuming 418,000 tons were mined. Answer $1,358,5005,900,000 + 600,000 = 6, 500,000Cost Salvage Value/ Total Units of Capacity6,500,000-0/2000000 = 3.253.25 * 418,000 = 1,358,500Cambria Company reports pull in sales of $4,315 million cost of goods interchange of $2,808 million net income of 283 million and average total assets of $2,136. Compute its total asset turnover. Answer 2.02Net Sales/ medium Total Asset4,315/2,136 = 2.02Salta Company installs a manufacturing machine in its factory at the beginning of the year at a cost of $87,000. The machines useful life is estimated to be 5 years, or 400,000 units of product, with $7,000 salvage value. During its second year, the machine produces 84,500 units of product. Determine the machines second year depreciation under the straight-line method. Answer $16,000Cost salvage value/useful life in periods87,000 7,000/5 =16,000A depreciation asset costing $75,000 is purchased on September 1, year 1. The asset is estimated to have a salvage value of $10,000 and an estimated useful life of 4 years. Double-declining- pact depreciation is used. If the asset is interchange on December 31, Year 3 for $13,000, the journal entry to record the sale will include Answer A debit to injury on sale for $2,625.Chapter 11 QuizzesThe current FUTA tax treasure is 0.8% and SUTA tax rate is 5.4%. Both taxes be utilise to the first-class honours degree $7,000 of an employees pay. Assume that an employee earned $8,900. What is the measuring stick of total unemployment taxes the employer must pay on the employees wages? Answer 434.007,000*5.4% = 3787000*0.8% = 56378 + 56 = 434FICA taxes includeAnswer Social Security taxesindebtednessAnswer Must some times be estimatedIf the times enkindle ratioAnswer Increase thusly the risk decreases.Gross pay is?Answer Total compensation earned by an employee before any deductions. A clubs income before interest expense and taxes is $250,000 and its interest expense is $100,000. Its times interest earned ratio is Answer 2.50Income before Interest expense and income taxes/Interest Expense 250,000/100,000 = 2.50Employee pass benefitsAnswer atomic number 18 estimated liabilitiesThe measuring rod of federal income taxes withheld from an employees paycheck is determined by Answer the amount of the employees current earnings fo r the pay period and number of withholding requitals the employee claims. Amount received in advanced from customers for future products or services Answer atomic number 18 liabilitiesA company estimates that a imprimatur expense will be 4% of sales. The companys sales for the current period ar $185,000. The current periods entry to record imprimatur expense is Answer debit warranty expense $7,400 credit estimated warranty liability $7,400 185,000*4% = 7,400An employee earned 62,500 during the year working for an employer. The FICA tax rate for social security is 6.2% and FICA tax rate for Medicare is 1.45%. The current FUTA tax rate is 0.8% and SUTA is 5.4%. Both unemployment taxes are applied to the first $7,000 of an employees pay. What is the total unemployment taxes does the employee have to pay? Answer $0.00 Employees do not pay unemployment taxes.FUTA taxes areAnswer unemployment taxes firmament Companys salaried employees earned dickens weeks vacation per year. It pay s $858,000 in total employee salaries for 52 weeks but its employees work only 50. Record Arena Companys periodic journal entry to record the vacation expense Answer Debit vacation benefits expense $17,160 quotation vacation benefits payable $17,160 858,000/50 = 17,160A company sells computers at a selling price of $1,800 each. from each one computer has a 2 year warranty that covers replacement of defective parts. It is estimated that 2% of all computers sold will be under the warranty at an average cost of $150 each. During November the company sold 30,000 computers and 400 computers were serviced under the warranty at total cost of 55,000. The equilibrate is the estimated warranty liability depict at November 1 was $29,000. What is the companys warranty expense for the month of November? Answer 90,000(30,000*2%*150) = 90,000A company had fixed interest expense of $6,000, its income before interest expense and any income taxes is $18,000, and its net income is $8,400. The co mpanys Times interest earned ratio equals Answer 3.0Advanced ticket sales totaling $6,000,000 cash in would be recognized as follows Answer Debit Cash Credit Unearned Revenue During August, Arena Company sells $356,000 in product that has a one year warranty. Experience shows that warranty expenses average close to 5% of the selling price. The warranty liability depict has a balance of $12,800 before adjustment. Customers returned product for warranty repairs during the month that used $9,400 in parts and repairs. The entry to record customer warranty repairs is Answer Debit Estimated Warranty financial obligation $9,400 credit Parts Inventory $9,400 Obligations not expected to be paid inside the longer of one year or the companys operating cycle is reported as Answer Long-term liabilityTimes Interest earned computation isAnswer (Net Income + Interest expense + Income taxes)/Interest expense The difference between the amount received from issuing a note payable and the amount re paid is referred to as Answer InterestA contingent LiabilityAnswer is a authorisation obligation that depends on a future event arising from a past transaction or event. In the fibing records of a defendant, impartialitysuitsAnswer should be recorded if payment for damages is probable and the amount brush off be reasonably estimated. A companys fixed interest expense is $8,000 its income before interest expense and income taxes is $32,000. Its net income is $9,600. The companys times interest earned ratio equals Answer 4.0An Estimated LiabilityAnswer Is a known obligation of an uncertain amount that can be reasonably estimated. Recording employee payroll deduction may involveAnswer Liabilities to individual employees, Liabilities to federal and state governments, Liabilities to insurance companies, and Liabilities to labor unions. Chapter 12 QuizzesKevin and Jeannie conformityed This & That as a limited liability company. Unless the member owners elect to be treated otherwise , the IRS will tax the LLC as Answer a coalitionA confederacy that has two classes of provides, general and limited, where the limited partners have no personal liability beyond the amounts they invest in that partnership, and no active role in the partnership, except as specified in the partnership symmetricalness is a Answer Limited PartnershipGroh and Jackson are partners. Grohs chief city balance in the partnership is $64,000, and Jacksons large(p) balance is $61,000. Groh and Jackson have agreed to plough serving equally in income and detriment. Groh and Jackson agree to accept Block with a 20%interest. Block will invest $35,000 in the partnership. The bonus that is granted to Groh and Jackson equals Answer $1,5001.64,000 + 61,000=125,0002. 125,000 + 35,000=160,0003. 160,000*20%= 32,0004.35,000 32,000 = 3,0005. 3,000*1/2= 1,500Badger and Fox are forming a partnership. Badger invests a building that has a market value of $350,000 the partnership assumes responsibility f or a $125,000 note secured by a mortgage on the property. Fox invest $100,000 in cash and equipment that has a market value of $75,000. For the partnership the amount recorded for Badgers large(p) and Foxs ceiling are Answer Badger $225,000 and Fox $175,000Badger 35,000-125,000 = 225,000 Fox 100,000 + 75,000 = 175,000Regina Harrison is a partner in Pressed for Time. An analytic thinking of Reginas capital account indicates that during the most recent year, she withdrew $20,000 from the partnership. Her share of the partnerships net loss was $16,000 and she made an additional rectitude contribution for $10,000. Her capital account ended the year at $150,000, what was her capital balance at the beginning of the year? Answer $176,00010,000 16,000 20,000 = -26,000150,000 (-26,000) = 176,000collins and Farina are forming a partnership Collins is investing in a building that as market value of $80,000. However the building carries a $56,000 mortgage that will be assumed by the part nership. Farina is investing $20,000 cash. The balance of Collins capital scotch will be Answer $24,00080,000 56,000 = 24,000A partnership in which all partners have mutual theatrical and unlimited liability is called Answer General Partnership In the absence of a partnership agreement, the law says that income (and loss) should be allocated based on Answer Equal shares Groh and Jackson are partners. Grohs capital balance is $64,000 and Jacksons capital balance is $61,000. They have agreed to share equally in income or loss. Groh and Jackson agree to accept Block with a 25% interest. Block will invest $35,000 in the partnership. The bonus that is granted to Block equals Answer 5,00064,000 + 61,000 = 125,000 125,000 +35,000 = 160,000 160,000*25% = 40,000 40,000 35,000= 5,000 Nee High and Low Jack are partners. They share income and loss equally. Highs beginning partnership capital balance for the current year is $285,000 and Jacks is $370,000. The partnership had net income of $2 50,000 for the year. High withdrew $90,000 and Jack withdrew $100,000. What is Jacks return on equity? Answer 41.3%A partnership agreementAnswer is binding even if it is not in writing.A partnership designed to protect innocent partners from malpractice or negligence claims resulting from acts of another partner is Answer Limited Liability PartnershipPartners withdrawals of assets areAnswer Debited to their withdrawals account Sam, Bart, and Alex are dissolving their partnership. Their partnership agreement allocates each partner 1/3 of all income and losses. The current periods capital account balances are Sam, $45,000 Bart, $37,000 and Alex, $(5,000). After all assets are sold and liabilities are paid, there is $77,000 in cash to be distributed. Alex is unable to pay the deficiency.The journal entry to record the distribution should be Answer Debit Sam, groovy $42,500 Debit Bart, Capital $37,000 Credit Cash $77,000 metalworker, West, and Krug form a partnership. Smith contributes $180,000, West contributes $150,000 and Krug contributes $270,000. Their partnership agreement calls for the income or loss division to be based on the ratio of capital invested. If the partnership reports income of $175,000 for its first year, what amount of income is credited to Smiths capital account? Answer $52,500Smith 180,000/600,000 = .3.3 * 175,500 = 52,500Smith, West and Krug form a partnership. Smith contributes $180,000, West contributes $150,000, and Krug contributes $270,000. Their partnership agreement calls for the income and loss division to be based on the ratio of capital invested. If the partnership reports income of $175,000 for itsfirst year, what amount of income is credited to Krugs capital account? Answer $78,750Krug 270,000/600,000 = .45.45 * 175,000 = 78,750Smith, West, and Krug form a partnership. Smith contributes $180,000, West contributes $150,000, and Krug contributes $270,000. Their partnership agreement calls for a 5% invest allowance on the partner s capital balances with the remaining income or loss to be allocated equally. If the partnership reports income of $174,000 for its first year, what amount of income is credited to Wests capital account? Answer $55,500Smith, West, and Krug form a partnership. Smith contributes $180,000, West contributes $150,000and Krug contributes $270,000. Their partnership agreement calls for a 5% interest allowances on the partners capital balances with the remaining income or loss to be allocated equally. If the partnership reports income of $174,000 for its first year, what amount of income credited to Krugs capital account? AnswerBadger and Fox are forming a partnership. Badger invests a building that has a market value of $350,000 the partnership assumes responsibility for a $125,000 note secured by a mortgage on the property. Fox invests $100,000 in cash and equipment that has a market value of $75,000. For the partnership, the amounts recorded for total assets and for total capital account are AnswerIn a partnership agreement, if partners agreed to an interest allowance of 10% annually on each partners investment, the interests allowance Answer Can make up for unequal capital contributionsWhen a partner is unable to pay a capital deficiency Answer The deficiency is absorbed by the remaining partners before distribution of cash. Chase and Hatch are partners and share equally in income or loss. Chases current capital balance is $135,000 and Hatchs is $120,000. Chase and Hatch agree to accept Flax with a 30% interest in the partnership. Flax invests $115,000 in the partnership. The amount credited to Flaxs capital account is Answer $111,000135,000 +120,000 = 255,000255,000 + 115,000 = 370,000370,000*30% = 111,000Chase and Hatch are partners and share equally in income or loss. Chases current capital balance is $135,000 and Hatchs is $120,000. Chase and Hatch agree to accept Fax with a 30% interest in the partnership. Flax invests $115,000 in the partnership. The balance s in Chases and Hatchs capital accounts after admission of the new partner equal AnswerThe following information is available regarding John Smiths capital account in Technology Consulting Group, a general partnership, for a recent year Beginning of the year balance $22,000His share of partnership income $8,500Withdrawals made during the year $6,000What is smiths partner return on equity during the year in question? Answer 36.6%22,000+8,500-6,000=24,5008,500/(22,000+24,500)/2=.3655=36.6%

An Analysis of the soundtrack from “The Girl Can’t Help It”

The little girl Cant Help It was released in 1956, and was directed, produced and mainly pen by Frank Tashlin, who was form exclusivelyy a Lo acey Tunes auteur. The convey is a guileless Hollywood comedy, which broadcasts a medicinal drugal line-up of mostly coetaneous teen-favoured didder hits set against a narrative background of the commonplace unison industry. The storyline follows the scenario of a backstage tuneful where an alcoholic press agent Tom moth miller (Tom E tumesce) is coherent by former mobster Fats Murdoch (Edmund OBrien) to turn girlfriend Jerry Ann (Jayne Mansfield) into a pop medicine sensation.Tashlin uses the film medicament in such a way that it shows clear cartoon like traits these will be explored in greater depth along with a look at the main characteristics that the soundtrack provides for the film. Anahid Kassabin suggests that most unison in narrative film functions to create a mood (2001, p. 56). The films medicational references are mad e up of both composed and compiled scores both donate to the mood of the moving-picture show. The composed score is non-diegetic and in this instance it does not compete or interfere with the spoken voices.Claudia Gorbman supplements this by suggesting there is subordination to a story. Subordination means classic narrative sound films are constructed in such a way that the spectator a good deal does not consciously hear the film score. This is based on the idea that the spectators attention is foc employ on the narrative events in the film. (1997, p. 31) However there is still a reason why composed scores are used. In this case they create an atmosphere which makes it easy for the hearing to relax, it as well guides them on what direction the mood of the film is going and also how they should be feeling.The compiled score operates quite differently the music is diegetic and it mainly functions as an shrewdness into rock n roll of the fifties. The mass of compiled music is one of the main attractions of the film and also acts as a narrative this will be discussed in greater detail later. The music also identifies the film in terms of era and location with the presence of the band or singer in most musical compiled scenes. The film starts with one of the main characters (Tom Miller) in evening clothes appearing in the centre of a shrunken screen.The picture is in black and white with a composed score in the background, which stops as the narrator starts to speak. As the narrator tells the viewers that this is to be a story about music, the music begins again, that first, the narrator stresses this was photographed in the grandeuer of Cinemascope the narrator pauses, expecting the screen to expand, as he does, the music copies. He then sighs and takes it upon himself to flick the screen into widescreen, and the music mickey-mouses his actions with sound effects. He then carries on his speech, as does the music, and he continues to say n gorgeous lifeli ke colour by Delux. The narrator and the music then pause, time lag as the screen turns to colour contrasts.Kassabian makes the conclusion that composers consider music as background to parley and should be kept simple, subtle, and soft. However she also argues it depends on the importance of the dialogue to the film. (2001, p. 55) In this opening narrative scene the composed music is imitating the speech of the narrator. Miller often pauses to stress fairytale technical difficulties, whilst consciously (but supposedly unknown to the audience) boasting their new technical advances.Hanns Eisler argues how film music was forced to serve as what he set as hyper-explicit illustrative function, where two or more happenings such as escort, music, sound effects, and dialogue may mimic each separate. (Cited in Flinn, 1992, p. 34) Rudolf Arnheim has labelled this as paralleling. An extreme example of this is mickey-mousing a technique that, as the name suggests, appears frequently in animated films. (Cited in Flinn, 1992, p. 34) In this scene the classical music mimics the character as it would in a cartoon.The narrator continues to inform the audience that the picture is about contemporary music, expressing the civilisation, the refinement, the polite grace and the present day the camera pans to a lit jukebox as bittie Richards title song, The Girl Cant Help It, (1956) blares, drowning out his remarks. The opener praises and mocks new conventions in one brief sequence. end-to-end the film, new versus vis-a-vis values, lifestyles and music are the sequence. The story begins with the ever present musical accompaniment and the cloggy drinking agent, Tom Miller, who spends a lot of time in night spots listening to rock acts.He receives an invitation by Fats Murdock which he accepts. In order to elevate himself into newsworthiness, Fats wants Ewell to make his girlfriend into a star. Obtaining a $10,000 advance, Miller accepts Fats challenge. He celebrates in a nother night monastic order with a band blasting Aint Gona Cry No More. Here the lyrics relate to the narrative of the film, the song has just conveyed in simple terms the emotions of Tom Miller. The music also interacts with other aspects of the scene as the band is also tending in the night club whilst Tom Miller dances along.This is one of the main musical features of the film, where the lyrics mimic what a character is feeling or doing. This is also shown in the next scene where diagetic music is used to accompany Jerry walking down(p) a street. On her travels ice melts, milk bottles burst open and reading glasses split as Jerry walks by three men to the title song The Girl Cant Help It. Again cartoon behaviours appear in this scene. As the song The Girl Cant Help It appears in the title credits and later in the film, it is functioning as a kind of leitmotif.Leitmotiv is a Wagnerian term where music refers to other musical events within a film and is memorable because the s cene is structured to give a great oversee of attention to the music. (Schroeder, 2003, p. 75) Theme songs are generally given a high degree of attention and often become attached to a film. This then creates audience connotations where a particular emotion or image becomes attached to a song. Identifying music often marks other features of a film. For instance, setting is often identified by quoted source music.Here the connotations of Jerry walking down the street are attached to this song as later in time it is used in the film Pink Flamingos (1972) where a transvestite is seen strutting down a street in the same way Jerry did. In the storyline, as a marketing dodge, Miller escorts Jerry on a nightclub crawl, displaying her to bistro managers. little(a) Richard is seen performing Ready, Ready, plus Shes Got It where Jerry is strutting across the floor to get find by the manager. As Richard sings the lyrics Shes Got It the camera cuts between Jerry and the reaction of the mana ger.The lyrics of Shes Got It act as a narrative to the scene, also the manager mimics it in dialogue and says shes got it all. Throughout the night many musical acts are shown including The Three Chuckles, featuring transformation Randazzo, performing Lollipop Lies Eddie Fontaine performs endocarp Love and Abby Lincon sings the gospel tune Spread the Word. Kassabian stresses the drawbacks of using popular music in films and comments with their range of complete songs used just as they are heard on the radio, they bring the immediate threat of history. (Kasabian, 2001, p. 8-9) However in this particular film that is what was intended, the film acts as a type of diachronic document. non many people of the mid-fifties got to see bands or singers so the movie theatre created a gateway for rock n roll music.Ernest Lindgren in The Art of the Film makes the point that The use of well known music is distracting, and has the additional disadvantage that it often has certain associatio ns for the spectator which may conflict wholly with the associations the producer wishes to establish the film. (Cited in Flinn, 1992, p. 7) A certain level of distraction occurs in the film as one of the main reasons to see it was for the popular acts and when songs where cut short it left viewers wanting more. The dialogue, visuals and other elements are often scarce when such acts appear on screen, which makes it seem a deliberate ploy for attention to be on the music. The volume of the music is often lowered and the camera cuts to the characters when dialogue starts. The leitmotiv is used again in the film when Miller is in his apartment and he discovers a lot of Julie London (a former love) singing Cry Me a River (1953) which is about a lost love.Miller tries to guide her presence yet she appears wherever he goes but disappears as the music fades. This scene identifies he is in love with Julie London and again the music mimics the emotions of the character. Music used for i dentification does not always witness out the same music all together. Identifying music can convey or evoke all of the things mentioned in the definition of leitmotiv. The song Cry Me a River appears later in the film where Miller is flavor for the hallucination of Julie London but instead sees Jerry. This conveys that the song not only has character recognition but the emotion of love also attached to it.The Girl Cant Help It presents teenage rock n roll in adults only venues. In a kind of variety show format, the rock n rollers are inserted into the narrative and given their one moment on screen. Interestingly, none of them are integrated into the plot. Stephen Heath, Ed Branigan, and Kristen Thompson fill pointed out that in historical enquiries on early cinema, color, and animated film, respectively, new technological developments in dominant cinematic representation do not contribute solely to greater realistic effect.These inquiries suggest that it is the novelty of the te chnology that is celebrated for a while. (Cited in Gorbman, 1997 p. 44) This is clearly the case in this film as many rock films in the Fifties put more emphasis on the use of popular bands to promote the film rather than the illustriousness of the plot. Kassabian suggests that there are uses of film music that link directly to other musical events. She calls this quotation which is the importing of a song or musical text, in part or in whole, into a films score. (2001, p. 49) David Shumway has suggested that the root of these contemporary compiled scores can be found in early rock scores. (Cited in Kassabian, 2001, p. 49-50)In the mid 1950s teenagers tastes in music were introduced as a separate segment of the mainstream, with rock n roll world the genre for that taste. The movie producer Samuel Z. Arkoff states the oddity was that old people were afraid of rock n roll I dont know why but all adults thought that rock n roll was immoral. (Coleman, 1997, p. 41) The Girl Cant Hel p It contributed to ever-changing this, perhaps half of the featured performances such as Little Richard, Gene Vincent, Eddie Cochran and the Coasters are concessions to the teenage audience the remainder Ray Anthony, Julie London, and Abby Lincoln are for the adults tastes. The film premiered attracting a large adult audience, the movie gave the more maligned rock n roll just about respectability, though Films in Review it called it a showcase for the leading purveyors of the jungle caterwauling known as rock n roll, and hereby a cultural debilitator our descendants wont forgive us for (Coleman, 1997, p. 141)The Girl Cant Help It showed that Hollywood was taking rock n roll seriously. In conclusion, the music was not only used to set the right mood using the composed score but to also set the scene with the compiled. Caryl Flinn suggests music reveals glimpses of a better, more unified world. It allows film to open doors to exotic locations and fantasy. It can also capture a sen se of lost integrity and grandeur. 1992) As the film features mostly popular and jazz acts of the Forties and Fifties, billboard reported on July 15 that the film may lend an aura of rock n roll to the movie. (Cited in Cloeman, 1997, p. 164)However the films reality is partly distorted from using such functions as mickey-mousing and paralleling yet the style of music does reflect the genre of the film. The storyline and music attracted both teenagers and adults by bringing adult themes and popular culture together, and portraying it in a way they could both enjoy.This was uncommon in the Fifties and Tashlin used Little Richards music to send up American attitudes towards sexuality and racism. (White, 2003, p. 81) This film most probably would not have been a success without the rock n roll. Gorbman suggests that an argument runs that sound, in the form of music, gave back to those dead photographic images some of the life they lost in the process of mechanical reproduction (1997, p . 39) and in this case the film would be dead without the popular acts. Leonard B.Meyer argues while the image itself is relevant to the music, the significance that it has for the particular individual is purely personal. (Cited in Kassabian, 2001, p. 56) Not only has the soundtrack shown clear musical technical advancements, but it also has a higher role to play in social advancements. It helps adults to understand the preferences of teenagers and offers a common ground between the two age groups. Rock n roll films also have a deeper meaning and start to touch on racial inconsistency by including black musicians as Americas popular culture.